Orthodontic imaging is a critical component of diagnosis, treatment planning, and outcome assessment in orthodontics. The increased utilization of ionizing radiation-based modalities such as panoramic radiography, lateral cephalometry, and especially cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) raises concerns about patient radiation exposure, particularly among pediatric and adolescent populations who are more radiosensitive. This paper critically reviews existing radiation dose reduction strategies applicable to orthodontic imaging, encompassing technological advancements, imaging protocol optimization, patient-specific considerations, protective devices, and professional education. Emphasis is placed on the balance between minimizing radiation exposure and maintaining diagnostic image quality necessary for effective orthodontic management. Furthermore, the integration of international radiation safety principles such as ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) and recent innovations including artificial intelligence (AI)-driven image reconstruction are explored. The review highlights the imperative for continued research and adherence to evidence-based guidelines to optimize patient safety in orthodontic imaging

Keywords:
Orthodontic imaging, radiation dose reduction, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), digital radiography, ALARA, pediatric radiology, imaging protocols, radiation protection.